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Historical Research Library

Discover the people, events, and key documents that shaped the Founding Era. 

Singers and dancers focused on Chris Jackson playing George Washington

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Engraving of Abigail Adams, n.d. (Gilder Lehrman Collection)

Abigail Adams

Influential First Lady, advocate for women’s rights, and prolific writer

Person
Samuel Adams, from "An Impartial History of the War in America," 1780 (The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History)

Samuel Adams

One of the first Americans to challenge British rule and resist their policies in the 1760s and 1770s

Person
John Adams, by John Trumbull, 1793 (National Portrait Gallery)

John Adams

A leading proponent of independence, a congressman, a diplomat, and the second President of the United States

Person
Aaron Burr, 1836 (Library of Congress)

Aaron Burr

Complex and controversial early American politician known for his fatal duel with Alexander Hamilton

Person
Nathanael Greene, based on a portrait by Alonzo Chappel (The Gilder Lehrman Institute of American History)

Nathanael Greene

Trusted aide to George Washington known for strategic brilliance and Revolutionary War victories

Person
Portrait of Prince Hall from the Grand Logde of British Culumbia and Yuko, (Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons)

Prince Hall

Founder of the first African American Masonic lodge, in Boston, and advocate for abolition and civil rights

Person
 Alexander Hamilton, John Trumbull Copy after: Giuseppe Ceracchi 1806, National Portrait Gallery

Alexander Hamilton

A poor immigrant from the Caribbean who became a key figure in the Revolution and in establishing the US government

Person
Portrait of King George III by Thomas Frye (The Gilder Lehrman Collection)

George III

King of Great Britain viewed as a tyrant by colonists and a symbol of imperial rule

Person
Lemuel Haynes (Library of Congress)

Lemuel Haynes

African American clergyman and Revolutionary War veteran known for his writings on racial equality

Person
Patrick Henry by George Bagby Matthews, oil on canvas, ca. 1891 (US Senate Collection)

Patrick Henry

A leading figure in the Revolutionary era in Virginia, known for his “Give me liberty or give me death” speech

Person
John Jay, by Gilbert Stuart and John Trumbull, ca. 1818 (National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution)

John Jay

Co-author of the Federalist Papers, American diplomat, abolitionist, and first Chief Justice of the United States

Person